Disrupt the Supply of Illegal Drugs - Revision history

BasilSavitsky: /* Relevant Research */

2024-11-27T21:08:43Z

Relevant Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:08, 27 November 2024
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	'''Complexities within Assumptions about Supply and Demand.''' This article examines unintended consequences of disrupting supply without changing demand, since other drugs can fill the gap. <ref>https://undark.org/2023/10/16/iron-law-drugs/</ref> If someone is used to a specific supply and that supply is confiscated and thus supplanted by a more potent or inconsistent supply, overdoses spike. According to Edward Sisco at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, "If lawmakers follow through on proposed legislation that would criminalize xylazine and make it illegal, then, suppliers could potentially replace it with yet another substance. We're in this continual loop of cat and mouse, trying to keep up with whatever the bad guys are deciding to do.” This article evaluates the so-called "iron law of prohibition" which states that the more intense law enforcement cracks down, the more potent drugs become, in part due to increased risks in transporting and		'''Complexities within Assumptions about Supply and Demand.''' This article examines unintended consequences of disrupting supply without changing demand, since other drugs can fill the gap. <ref>https://undark.org/2023/10/16/iron-law-drugs/</ref> If someone is used to a specific supply and that supply is confiscated and thus supplanted by a more potent or inconsistent supply, overdoses spike. According to Edward Sisco at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, "If lawmakers follow through on proposed legislation that would criminalize xylazine and make it illegal, then, suppliers could potentially replace it with yet another substance. We're in this continual loop of cat and mouse, trying to keep up with whatever the bad guys are deciding to do.” This article evaluates the so-called "iron law of prohibition" which states that the more intense law enforcement cracks down, the more potent drugs become, in part due to increased risks in transporting and
	manufacturing. The theory suggests that drug criminalization spurs traffickers to minimize the size of their product, leading to an uptick		manufacturing. The theory suggests that drug criminalization spurs traffickers to minimize the size of their product, leading to an uptick
	in potency. A market that favors the most potent supply, arguably, makes drug use is less predictable and, in turn, more deadly. In a related research paper, funded in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, competing claims were tested and found that efforts to interrupt the supply were associated with an increase in fatalities. <ref>https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307291</ref> The authors looked at data collected over two years from Marion County, Indiana, which includes Indianapolis, and found that when police seized opioids, fatal overdoses spiked in the immediate vicinity. ~~They~~ increased ~~fatal overdoses~~ at one week, two weeks, and 21 days. Diane Goldstein, a retired police lieutenant and executive director of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership asks, “So how is that saving lives?” since the drug busts led to the unintended consequence of those with a dependency taking more risks to seek out a less familiar substance and overdose deaths increased for three weeks.		in potency. A market that favors the most potent supply, arguably, makes drug use less predictable and, in turn, more deadly. In a related research paper, funded in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, competing claims were tested and it was found that efforts to interrupt the supply were indeed associated with an increase in fatalities. <ref>https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307291</ref> The authors looked at data collected over two years from Marion County, Indiana, which includes Indianapolis, and found that when police seized opioids, fatal overdoses spiked in the immediate vicinity. Fatal overdoses increased at one week, two weeks, and 21 days after supply was reduced by the arrests. Diane Goldstein, a retired police lieutenant and executive director of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership asks, “So how is that saving lives?” since the drug busts led to the unintended consequence of those with a dependency taking more risks to seek out a less familiar substance and overdose deaths increased for three weeks.

	= Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies =		= Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies =

BasilSavitsky: /* Relevant Research */

2024-11-27T21:04:45Z

Relevant Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:04, 27 November 2024
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	'''Commission on Combating Synthetic Opioid Trafficking''' was established under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020. It was charged with examining aspects of the synthetic opioid threat to the United States — specifically, with developing a consensus on a strategic approach to combating the illegal flow of synthetic opioids into the United States. The final report distributed by the Rand Corporation "describes items involving the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of synthetic opioids, as well as the deficiencies in countering their production and distribution, and includes action items directed to appropriate executive branch agencies and congressional committees and leadership." <ref>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68838.html</ref>		'''Commission on Combating Synthetic Opioid Trafficking''' was established under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020. It was charged with examining aspects of the synthetic opioid threat to the United States — specifically, with developing a consensus on a strategic approach to combating the illegal flow of synthetic opioids into the United States. The final report distributed by the Rand Corporation "describes items involving the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of synthetic opioids, as well as the deficiencies in countering their production and distribution, and includes action items directed to appropriate executive branch agencies and congressional committees and leadership." <ref>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68838.html</ref>

	'''Complexities within ~~assumptions~~ about Supply and Demand.''' This article examines unintended consequences of disrupting without changing demand, since other drugs can fill the gap. <ref>https://undark.org/2023/10/16/iron-law-drugs/</ref> If someone is used to a specific supply and that supply is confiscated and thus supplanted by a more potent or inconsistent supply, overdoses spike. According to Edward Sisco at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, "If lawmakers follow through on proposed legislation that would criminalize xylazine and make it illegal, then, suppliers could potentially replace it with yet another substance. We're in this continual loop of cat and mouse, trying to keep up with whatever the bad guys are deciding to do.” This article evaluates the so-called "iron law of prohibition" which states that the more intense law enforcement cracks down, the more potent drugs become, in part due to increased risks in transporting and		'''Complexities within Assumptions about Supply and Demand.''' This article examines unintended consequences of disrupting supply without changing demand, since other drugs can fill the gap. <ref>https://undark.org/2023/10/16/iron-law-drugs/</ref> If someone is used to a specific supply and that supply is confiscated and thus supplanted by a more potent or inconsistent supply, overdoses spike. According to Edward Sisco at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, "If lawmakers follow through on proposed legislation that would criminalize xylazine and make it illegal, then, suppliers could potentially replace it with yet another substance. We're in this continual loop of cat and mouse, trying to keep up with whatever the bad guys are deciding to do.” This article evaluates the so-called "iron law of prohibition" which states that the more intense law enforcement cracks down, the more potent drugs become, in part due to increased risks in transporting and
	manufacturing. The theory suggests that drug criminalization spurs traffickers to minimize the size of their product, leading to an uptick		manufacturing. The theory suggests that drug criminalization spurs traffickers to minimize the size of their product, leading to an uptick
	in potency. A market that favors the most potent supply, arguably, makes drug use is less predictable and, in turn, more deadly. In a related research paper, funded in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, competing claims were tested and found that efforts to interrupt the supply were associated with an increase in fatalities. <ref>https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307291</ref> The authors looked at data collected over two years from Marion County, Indiana, which includes Indianapolis, and found that when police seized opioids, fatal overdoses spiked in the immediate vicinity. They increased fatal overdoses at one week, two weeks, and 21 days. Diane Goldstein, a retired police lieutenant and executive director of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership asks, “So how is that saving lives?” since the drug busts led to the unintended consequence of those with a dependency taking more risks to seek out a less familiar substance and overdose deaths increased for three weeks.		in potency. A market that favors the most potent supply, arguably, makes drug use is less predictable and, in turn, more deadly. In a related research paper, funded in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, competing claims were tested and found that efforts to interrupt the supply were associated with an increase in fatalities. <ref>https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307291</ref> The authors looked at data collected over two years from Marion County, Indiana, which includes Indianapolis, and found that when police seized opioids, fatal overdoses spiked in the immediate vicinity. They increased fatal overdoses at one week, two weeks, and 21 days. Diane Goldstein, a retired police lieutenant and executive director of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership asks, “So how is that saving lives?” since the drug busts led to the unintended consequence of those with a dependency taking more risks to seek out a less familiar substance and overdose deaths increased for three weeks.

BasilSavitsky: /* Relevant Research */

2024-11-27T21:04:00Z

Relevant Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:04, 27 November 2024
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	'''Commission on Combating Synthetic Opioid Trafficking''' was established under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020. It was charged with examining aspects of the synthetic opioid threat to the United States — specifically, with developing a consensus on a strategic approach to combating the illegal flow of synthetic opioids into the United States. The final report distributed by the Rand Corporation "describes items involving the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of synthetic opioids, as well as the deficiencies in countering their production and distribution, and includes action items directed to appropriate executive branch agencies and congressional committees and leadership." <ref>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68838.html</ref>		'''Commission on Combating Synthetic Opioid Trafficking''' was established under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020. It was charged with examining aspects of the synthetic opioid threat to the United States — specifically, with developing a consensus on a strategic approach to combating the illegal flow of synthetic opioids into the United States. The final report distributed by the Rand Corporation "describes items involving the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of synthetic opioids, as well as the deficiencies in countering their production and distribution, and includes action items directed to appropriate executive branch agencies and congressional committees and leadership." <ref>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68838.html</ref>

			'''Complexities within assumptions about Supply and Demand.''' This article examines unintended consequences of disrupting without changing demand, since other drugs can fill the gap. <ref>https://undark.org/2023/10/16/iron-law-drugs/</ref> If someone is used to a specific supply and that supply is confiscated and thus supplanted by a more potent or inconsistent supply, overdoses spike. According to Edward Sisco at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, "If lawmakers follow through on proposed legislation that would criminalize xylazine and make it illegal, then, suppliers could potentially replace it with yet another substance. We're in this continual loop of cat and mouse, trying to keep up with whatever the bad guys are deciding to do.” This article evaluates the so-called "iron law of prohibition" which states that the more intense law enforcement cracks down, the more potent drugs become, in part due to increased risks in transporting and
			manufacturing. The theory suggests that drug criminalization spurs traffickers to minimize the size of their product, leading to an uptick
			in potency. A market that favors the most potent supply, arguably, makes drug use is less predictable and, in turn, more deadly. In a related research paper, funded in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, competing claims were tested and found that efforts to interrupt the supply were associated with an increase in fatalities. <ref>https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307291</ref> The authors looked at data collected over two years from Marion County, Indiana, which includes Indianapolis, and found that when police seized opioids, fatal overdoses spiked in the immediate vicinity. They increased fatal overdoses at one week, two weeks, and 21 days. Diane Goldstein, a retired police lieutenant and executive director of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership asks, “So how is that saving lives?” since the drug busts led to the unintended consequence of those with a dependency taking more risks to seek out a less familiar substance and overdose deaths increased for three weeks.

	= Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies =		= Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies =

Charliekapinos: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2024-10-21T02:01:28Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:01, 20 October 2024
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	'''SAFE Project:'''		'''SAFE Project:'''
	* '''The Integrated-Forensic Peer Recovery Specialist (I-FPRS) Training''' by SAFE Project is a comprehensive set of curriculums designed for Peer Recovery Specialists, organizations, and groups working with justice-involved individuals who experience substance use disorders. This training equips participants to navigate the intersection of behavioral health and the criminal justice system.<ref>https://www.safeproject.us/ifprs-training/</ref>		*'''The Integrated-Forensic Peer Recovery Specialist (I-FPRS) Training''' by SAFE Project is a comprehensive set of curriculums designed for Peer Recovery Specialists, organizations, and groups working with justice-involved individuals who experience substance use disorders. This training equips participants to navigate the intersection of behavioral health and the criminal justice system.<ref>https://www.safeproject.us/ifprs-training/</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>

Charliekapinos: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2024-10-21T02:01:15Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:01, 20 October 2024
Line 37:		Line 37:

	'''SAFE Project:'''		'''SAFE Project:'''
	* '''The Integrated-Forensic Peer Recovery Specialist (I-FPRS) Training''' by SAFE Project is a comprehensive set of curriculums designed for Peer Recovery Specialists, organizations, and groups working with justice-involved individuals who experience substance use disorders. This training equips participants to navigate the intersection of behavioral health and the criminal justice system.		* '''The Integrated-Forensic Peer Recovery Specialist (I-FPRS) Training''' by SAFE Project is a comprehensive set of curriculums designed for Peer Recovery Specialists, organizations, and groups working with justice-involved individuals who experience substance use disorders. This training equips participants to navigate the intersection of behavioral health and the criminal justice system.<ref>https://www.safeproject.us/ifprs-training/</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>

Charliekapinos: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2024-10-21T02:00:54Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:00, 20 October 2024
Line 37:		Line 37:

	'''SAFE Project:'''		'''SAFE Project:'''
			* '''The Integrated-Forensic Peer Recovery Specialist (I-FPRS) Training''' by SAFE Project is a comprehensive set of curriculums designed for Peer Recovery Specialists, organizations, and groups working with justice-involved individuals who experience substance use disorders. This training equips participants to navigate the intersection of behavioral health and the criminal justice system.
	*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>

Charliekapinos: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2024-09-23T17:46:25Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:46, 23 September 2024
Line 37:		Line 37:

	'''SAFE Project:'''		'''SAFE Project:'''
			*See the wiki titled "Reduce Criminal Diversion of Prescription Drugs" for more detailed information on the illegal distribution and misuse of prescription drugs, encompassing activities like selling medications, doctor shopping, and theft or forgery of prescriptions.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Reduce_Criminal_Diversion_of_Prescription_Drugs</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Expand First Response and Crisis Intervention Teams" for more detailed information on expanding the implementation of innovative multidisciplinary teams (including mental health professionals, peers, EMS/Fire, etc.) to help reduce overdoses and connect individuals to community-based treatment.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_First_Response_and_Crisis_Intervention_Teams</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand First Response and Crisis Intervention Teams" for more detailed information on expanding the implementation of innovative multidisciplinary teams (including mental health professionals, peers, EMS/Fire, etc.) to help reduce overdoses and connect individuals to community-based treatment.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_First_Response_and_Crisis_Intervention_Teams</ref>

Charliekapinos: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2024-09-23T17:34:59Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:34, 23 September 2024
Line 38:		Line 38:
	'''SAFE Project:'''		'''SAFE Project:'''
	*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>
	*See the wiki titled "Expand First Response and Crisis Intervention Teams" for more detailed information on expanding the implementation of multidisciplinary teams (including mental health professionals, peers, EMS/Fire, etc.) to help reduce overdoses and connect individuals to community-based treatment.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_First_Response_and_Crisis_Intervention_Teams</ref>		*See the wiki titled "Expand First Response and Crisis Intervention Teams" for more detailed information on expanding the implementation of innovative multidisciplinary teams (including mental health professionals, peers, EMS/Fire, etc.) to help reduce overdoses and connect individuals to community-based treatment.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_First_Response_and_Crisis_Intervention_Teams</ref>

	'''2019 National Drug Control Strategy'''		'''2019 National Drug Control Strategy'''

Charliekapinos: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2024-09-23T17:33:37Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:33, 23 September 2024
Line 35:		Line 35:

	= Available Tools and Resources =		= Available Tools and Resources =

			'''SAFE Project:'''
			*See the wiki titled "Expand Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion and Deflection Programs" for more detailed information on diversion and deflection programs that aim to redirect individuals away from the justice system, particularly those with behavioral health needs, to reduce recidivism, address personal needs, and optimize justice system resources.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_Law_Enforcement_Assisted_Diversion_and_Deflection_Programs#Available_Tools_and_Resources</ref>
			*See the wiki titled "Expand First Response and Crisis Intervention Teams" for more detailed information on expanding the implementation of multidisciplinary teams (including mental health professionals, peers, EMS/Fire, etc.) to help reduce overdoses and connect individuals to community-based treatment.<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Expand_First_Response_and_Crisis_Intervention_Teams</ref>

	'''2019 National Drug Control Strategy'''		'''2019 National Drug Control Strategy'''

BasilSavitsky: /* Introductory Paragraph */

2024-05-28T20:52:39Z

Introductory Paragraph

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:52, 28 May 2024
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	= Introductory Paragraph =		= Introductory Paragraph =

	The United States is facing an illicit drug trade contributing to thousands of deaths each year. In 2020 over 100,000 Americans died of an overdose and the majority of those were contributed to by a synthetic opioid. <ref>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68838.html</ref> A key strategy to reduce opioid misuse is preventing illicit opioids, including heroin and synthetic opioids, from ever reaching communities. This is almost exclusively the role and responsibility of law enforcement at both the federal and state level, and requires cooperation between jurisdictions and federal partners to ensure success. In addition, disrupting opioid supply, in our increasingly global and virtual society, has added a complexity to the problem that has required international collaboration and closer scrutiny over ~~Internet~~ communications and mail delivery services.		The United States is facing an illicit drug trade contributing to thousands of deaths each year. In 2020 over 100,000 Americans died of an overdose and the majority of those were contributed to by a synthetic opioid. <ref>https://www.rand.org/pubs/external_publications/EP68838.html</ref> A key strategy to reduce opioid misuse is preventing illicit opioids, including heroin and synthetic opioids, from ever reaching communities. This is almost exclusively the role and responsibility of law enforcement at both the federal and state level, and requires cooperation between local jurisdictions and federal partners to ensure success. In addition, disrupting opioid supply, in our increasingly global and virtual society, has added a complexity to the problem that has required international collaboration and closer scrutiny over internet communications and mail delivery services.

	= Key Information =		= Key Information =