Systems Change Science - Revision history

Tracy: /* Key Information */

2025-03-18T19:22:27Z

Key Information

BasilSavitsky: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2025-01-31T23:01:47Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:01, 31 January 2025
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	*'''The Center for Appreciative Inquiry''' offers trainings, workshops, and consulting projects in an asset-based approach to organizational and social engagement that utilizes questions and dialogue to help participants uncover existing strengths, advantages, or opportunities in their communities, organizations, or teams. <ref>https://centerforappreciativeinquiry.net/</ref>		*'''The Center for Appreciative Inquiry''' offers trainings, workshops, and consulting projects in an asset-based approach to organizational and social engagement that utilizes questions and dialogue to help participants uncover existing strengths, advantages, or opportunities in their communities, organizations, or teams. <ref>https://centerforappreciativeinquiry.net/</ref>

	~~Video Introduction. Hans-Georg Moeller, a philosophy professor at the University~~ of ~~Macau~~ offers a ~~YouTube video which (at timestamp 7:08) provides accessible examples~~ of ~~social systems theory by comparing “Dreamland,” Sam Quinones book on the opioid crisis to the portrayal of various social systems~~ in ~~the TV series “The Wire” and the film “Don’t look Up.” He uses each~~ of ~~the three cases to show how scientific/medical systems interact with legal, economic and political~~ systems ~~— all without centralized control~~. <ref>https://~~www.youtube~~.~~com~~/~~watch?v=exPOPm8qQsY~~</ref>		*'''The School of System Change''' offers a variety of fee-based courses and workshop for in-depth exploration of systems change science. <ref>https://schoolofsystemchange.org/</ref>

	~~Reference Text~~. ~~Patrick Hoverstadt has authored “The Grammar Of Systems~~: ~~From Order To Chaos And Back.~~” ~~This text is divided into two parts. The first part provides methods for thinking like a~~ systems ~~thinker~~. ~~The second part provides 33 different principles~~ of systems ~~change~~, ~~each supported with applied examples~~.		*'''Video Introduction.''' Hans-Georg Moeller, a philosophy professor at the University of Macau offers a YouTube video which (at timestamp 7:08) provides accessible examples of social systems theory by comparing “Dreamland,” Sam Quinones book on the opioid crisis to the portrayal of various social systems in the TV series “The Wire” and the film “Don’t look Up.” He uses each of the three cases to show how scientific/medical systems interact with legal, economic and political systems — all without centralized control. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exPOPm8qQsY</ref>

	~~System Conveners~~. ~~The~~ text ~~“Systems Convening: A Crucial Form Of Leadership For The 21st Century”~~ is ~~authored by Etienne & Beverly Wenger-Trayner~~. It provides a ~~series~~ of ~~profiles of people who are “working on sustainable~~ change, ~~across challenging silos, in complex social landscapes, amid changing circumstances.” This shifts emphasis form what systems thinking is to the people skills needed to make it succeed~~.		*'''Reference Text.''' Patrick Hoverstadt has authored “The Grammar Of Systems: From Order To Chaos And Back.” This text is divided into two parts. The first part provides methods for thinking like a systems thinker. The second part provides 33 different principles of systems change, each supported with applied examples.

	The ~~School of System Change offers~~ a ~~variety~~ of ~~fee-based courses and workshop for in-depth exploration~~ of ~~systems~~ change ~~science~~. ~~<ref>https://schoolofsystemchange~~.~~org/</ref>~~		*'''System Conveners.''' The text “Systems Convening: A Crucial Form Of Leadership For The 21st Century” is authored by Etienne & Beverly Wenger-Trayner. It provides a series of profiles of people who are “working on sustainable change, across challenging silos, in complex social landscapes, amid changing circumstances.” This shifts emphasis form what systems thinking is to the people skills needed to make it succeed.

	Society for Organizational Learning (SOL) is an international source for leaders in business and government and non-profit agencies. SOL was founded by Peter Senge, a senior lecturer at MIT and author of the landmark text, “The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of the Learning Organization.” System thinking is the fifth discipline pioneered by Senge in complement to such commonly practiced disciplines as personal mastery, mental models, shared vision, and team learning. <ref>https://www.solonline.org/</ref>		*'''Society for Organizational Learning (SOL)''' is an international source for leaders in business and government and non-profit agencies. SOL was founded by Peter Senge, a senior lecturer at MIT and author of the landmark text, “The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of the Learning Organization.” System thinking is the fifth discipline pioneered by Senge in complement to such commonly practiced disciplines as personal mastery, mental models, shared vision, and team learning. <ref>https://www.solonline.org/</ref>

	= Promising Practices =		= Promising Practices =

BasilSavitsky: /* Available Tools and Resources */

2025-01-31T22:58:37Z

Available Tools and Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:58, 31 January 2025
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	*'''The Center for Appreciative Inquiry''' offers trainings, workshops, and consulting projects in an asset-based approach to organizational and social engagement that utilizes questions and dialogue to help participants uncover existing strengths, advantages, or opportunities in their communities, organizations, or teams. <ref>https://centerforappreciativeinquiry.net/</ref>		*'''The Center for Appreciative Inquiry''' offers trainings, workshops, and consulting projects in an asset-based approach to organizational and social engagement that utilizes questions and dialogue to help participants uncover existing strengths, advantages, or opportunities in their communities, organizations, or teams. <ref>https://centerforappreciativeinquiry.net/</ref>

			Video Introduction. Hans-Georg Moeller, a philosophy professor at the University of Macau offers a YouTube video which (at timestamp 7:08) provides accessible examples of social systems theory by comparing “Dreamland,” Sam Quinones book on the opioid crisis to the portrayal of various social systems in the TV series “The Wire” and the film “Don’t look Up.” He uses each of the three cases to show how scientific/medical systems interact with legal, economic and political systems — all without centralized control. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exPOPm8qQsY</ref>

			Reference Text. Patrick Hoverstadt has authored “The Grammar Of Systems: From Order To Chaos And Back.” This text is divided into two parts. The first part provides methods for thinking like a systems thinker. The second part provides 33 different principles of systems change, each supported with applied examples.

			System Conveners. The text “Systems Convening: A Crucial Form Of Leadership For The 21st Century” is authored by Etienne & Beverly Wenger-Trayner. It provides a series of profiles of people who are “working on sustainable change, across challenging silos, in complex social landscapes, amid changing circumstances.” This shifts emphasis form what systems thinking is to the people skills needed to make it succeed.

			The School of System Change offers a variety of fee-based courses and workshop for in-depth exploration of systems change science. <ref>https://schoolofsystemchange.org/</ref>

			Society for Organizational Learning (SOL) is an international source for leaders in business and government and non-profit agencies. SOL was founded by Peter Senge, a senior lecturer at MIT and author of the landmark text, “The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of the Learning Organization.” System thinking is the fifth discipline pioneered by Senge in complement to such commonly practiced disciplines as personal mastery, mental models, shared vision, and team learning. <ref>https://www.solonline.org/</ref>

	= Promising Practices =		= Promising Practices =

BasilSavitsky: /* Key Information */

2025-01-31T22:55:53Z

Key Information

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 **Given what programs currently exist, what improvements could be made within the state and local criminal justice systems in terms of additional or expanded programs to help those with SUD find treatment - either through diversion programs or treatment for those incarcerated?
 **Are key figures who are part of the system willing to participate in a coalition?
 = Relevant Research =

BasilSavitsky: /* Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies */

2025-01-31T22:52:42Z

Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:52, 31 January 2025
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	*'''SAMHSA''' is inherently defined as a systems agency by including both substance abuse and mental health in its name. SAMHSA has also been instrumental in advancing ROSC (Recovery-Oriented ''Systems'' of Care). See the SAFE Solutions article titled "Create Recovery-Ready Communities" for more information on ROSC. <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Create_Recovery-Ready_Communities</ref> In addition to promoting the five data-driven phases of the Strategic Prevention Framework, two key concepts inform and are embedded within all five phases:		*'''SAMHSA''' is inherently defined as a systems agency by including both substance abuse and mental health in its name. SAMHSA has also been instrumental in advancing ROSC (Recovery-Oriented ''Systems'' of Care). See the SAFE Solutions article titled "Create Recovery-Ready Communities" for more information on ROSC. <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Create_Recovery-Ready_Communities</ref> In addition to promoting the five data-driven phases of the Strategic Prevention Framework, two key concepts inform and are embedded within all five phases:
	**Sustainability. This is a system-building strategic posture, because it requires a long temporal view. However, SAMHSA promotes sustainability as more than just an approach to financing coalition efforts. It also intends for coalitions to develop and sustain their human capital.		**Sustainability. This is a system-building strategic posture, because it requires a long temporal view. However, SAMHSA promotes sustainability as more than just an approach to financing coalition efforts. It also intends for coalitions to develop and sustain their human capital.
	**Cultural Competency. Any projects funded through SAMHSA are required to meet certain inclusivity requirements, such as provision of resources in multiple languages. However cultural competency also extends much further into addressing health equity in building the capacity of a diverse coalition and ensuring all populations within a community are served. This creates a foundation for taking on the systems-level change required to address social determinants of health. (See SAFE Solutions article titled, "Apply a Health Equity Lens.")		**Cultural Competency. Any projects funded through SAMHSA are required to meet certain inclusivity requirements, such as provision of resources in multiple languages. However cultural competency also extends much further into addressing health equity in building the capacity of a diverse coalition and ensuring all populations within a community are served. This creates a foundation for taking on the systems-level change required to address social determinants of health. (See SAFE Solutions article titled, "Apply a Health Equity Lens.") <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Health_Equity_Lens</ref>
	<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Health_Equity_Lens</ref>

	*'''HHS 5-Point Plan.''' HHS developed a comprehensive strategy to improve access to prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The strategy aims to support individuals to achieve long-term recovery and to prevent the health, social, and economic consequences associated with opioid misuse and addiction: <ref>https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/topics/impact-opioid-final.pdf</ref>		*'''HHS 5-Point Plan.''' HHS developed a comprehensive strategy to improve access to prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The strategy aims to support individuals to achieve long-term recovery and to prevent the health, social, and economic consequences associated with opioid misuse and addiction: <ref>https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/topics/impact-opioid-final.pdf</ref>

BasilSavitsky: /* Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies */

2025-01-31T22:52:11Z

Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:52, 31 January 2025
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	*'''SAMHSA''' is inherently defined as a systems agency by including both substance abuse and mental health in its name. SAMHSA has also been instrumental in advancing ROSC (Recovery-Oriented ''Systems'' of Care). See the SAFE Solutions article titled "Create Recovery-Ready Communities" for more information on ROSC. <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Create_Recovery-Ready_Communities</ref> In addition to promoting the five data-driven phases of the Strategic Prevention Framework, two key concepts inform and are embedded within all five phases:		*'''SAMHSA''' is inherently defined as a systems agency by including both substance abuse and mental health in its name. SAMHSA has also been instrumental in advancing ROSC (Recovery-Oriented ''Systems'' of Care). See the SAFE Solutions article titled "Create Recovery-Ready Communities" for more information on ROSC. <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Create_Recovery-Ready_Communities</ref> In addition to promoting the five data-driven phases of the Strategic Prevention Framework, two key concepts inform and are embedded within all five phases:
	**Sustainability. This is a system-building strategic posture, because it requires a long temporal view. However, SAMHSA promotes sustainability as more than just an approach to financing coalition efforts. It also intends for coalitions to develop and sustain their human capital.		**Sustainability. This is a system-building strategic posture, because it requires a long temporal view. However, SAMHSA promotes sustainability as more than just an approach to financing coalition efforts. It also intends for coalitions to develop and sustain their human capital.
	**Cultural Competency. Any projects funded through SAMHSA are required to meet certain inclusivity requirements, such as provision of resources in multiple languages. However cultural competency also extends much further into addressing health equity in building the capacity of a diverse coalition and ensuring all populations within a community are served. This creates a foundation for taking on the systems-level change required to address social determinants of health. (See SAFE Solutions article titled, "Apply a Health Equity Lens." <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Health_Equity_Lens</ref>)		**Cultural Competency. Any projects funded through SAMHSA are required to meet certain inclusivity requirements, such as provision of resources in multiple languages. However cultural competency also extends much further into addressing health equity in building the capacity of a diverse coalition and ensuring all populations within a community are served. This creates a foundation for taking on the systems-level change required to address social determinants of health. (See SAFE Solutions article titled, "Apply a Health Equity Lens.")
			<ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Health_Equity_Lens</ref>

	*'''HHS 5-Point Plan.''' HHS developed a comprehensive strategy to improve access to prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The strategy aims to support individuals to achieve long-term recovery and to prevent the health, social, and economic consequences associated with opioid misuse and addiction: <ref>https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/topics/impact-opioid-final.pdf</ref>		*'''HHS 5-Point Plan.''' HHS developed a comprehensive strategy to improve access to prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The strategy aims to support individuals to achieve long-term recovery and to prevent the health, social, and economic consequences associated with opioid misuse and addiction: <ref>https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/topics/impact-opioid-final.pdf</ref>

BasilSavitsky: /* Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies */

2025-01-31T22:51:37Z

Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 31 January 2025
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	*'''SAMHSA''' is inherently defined as a systems agency by including both substance abuse and mental health in its name. SAMHSA has also been instrumental in advancing ROSC (Recovery-Oriented ''Systems'' of Care). See the SAFE Solutions article titled "Create Recovery-Ready Communities" for more information on ROSC. <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Create_Recovery-Ready_Communities</ref> In addition to promoting the five data-driven phases of the Strategic Prevention Framework, two key concepts inform and are embedded within all five phases:		*'''SAMHSA''' is inherently defined as a systems agency by including both substance abuse and mental health in its name. SAMHSA has also been instrumental in advancing ROSC (Recovery-Oriented ''Systems'' of Care). See the SAFE Solutions article titled "Create Recovery-Ready Communities" for more information on ROSC. <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Create_Recovery-Ready_Communities</ref> In addition to promoting the five data-driven phases of the Strategic Prevention Framework, two key concepts inform and are embedded within all five phases:
	**Sustainability. This is a system-building strategic posture, because it requires a long temporal view. However, SAMHSA promotes sustainability as more than just an approach to financing coalition efforts. It also intends for coalitions to develop and sustain their human capital.		**Sustainability. This is a system-building strategic posture, because it requires a long temporal view. However, SAMHSA promotes sustainability as more than just an approach to financing coalition efforts. It also intends for coalitions to develop and sustain their human capital.
	**Cultural Competency. Any projects funded through SAMHSA are required to meet certain inclusivity requirements, such as provision of resources in multiple languages. However cultural competency also extends much further into addressing health equity in building the capacity of a diverse coalition and ensuring all populations within a community are served. This creates a foundation for taking on the systems-level change required to address social determinants of health.		**Cultural Competency. Any projects funded through SAMHSA are required to meet certain inclusivity requirements, such as provision of resources in multiple languages. However cultural competency also extends much further into addressing health equity in building the capacity of a diverse coalition and ensuring all populations within a community are served. This creates a foundation for taking on the systems-level change required to address social determinants of health. (See SAFE Solutions article titled, "Apply a Health Equity Lens." <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Health_Equity_Lens</ref>)

	*'''HHS 5-Point Plan.''' HHS developed a comprehensive strategy to improve access to prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The strategy aims to support individuals to achieve long-term recovery and to prevent the health, social, and economic consequences associated with opioid misuse and addiction: <ref>https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/topics/impact-opioid-final.pdf</ref>		*'''HHS 5-Point Plan.''' HHS developed a comprehensive strategy to improve access to prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The strategy aims to support individuals to achieve long-term recovery and to prevent the health, social, and economic consequences associated with opioid misuse and addiction: <ref>https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/topics/impact-opioid-final.pdf</ref>

BasilSavitsky: /* Relevant Research */

2025-01-31T22:49:34Z

Relevant Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:49, 31 January 2025
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	*'''David Peter Stroh.''' Extensive work has been done in systems research in the physical and biological sciences, but less in the social sciences, especially focused on social systems associated with SUD. In contrast, Stroh has published a book, “Systems Thinking for Social Change: A Practical Guide for Solving Complex Problems, Avoiding Unintended Consequences, and Achieving Lasting Results.” This builds upon years of trainings in systems thinking in which he provided to fellows in the CDC Environmental HealthLeadership Institute. The text offers an introduction to systems thinking, a series of case studies, and tools for facilitating systemic collaboration. <ref>Stroh, D. (2015). Systems thinking for social change. White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing.</ref>		*'''David Peter Stroh.''' Extensive work has been done in systems research in the physical and biological sciences, but less in the social sciences, especially focused on social systems associated with SUD. In contrast, Stroh has published a book, “Systems Thinking for Social Change: A Practical Guide for Solving Complex Problems, Avoiding Unintended Consequences, and Achieving Lasting Results.” This builds upon years of trainings in systems thinking in which he provided to fellows in the CDC Environmental HealthLeadership Institute. The text offers an introduction to systems thinking, a series of case studies, and tools for facilitating systemic collaboration. <ref>Stroh, D. (2015). Systems thinking for social change. White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing.</ref>

	*The World Health Organization promotes systems thinking as a way to mitigate negative behaviors, anticipate positive synergies, and create system-ready policies. <ref>Savigny, D. d., & Taghreed, A. (2009). Systems thinking for health systems strengthening. Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research. World Health Organization.</ref>		*'''The World Health Organization''' promotes systems thinking as a way to mitigate negative behaviors, anticipate positive synergies, and create system-ready policies. <ref>Savigny, D. d., & Taghreed, A. (2009). Systems thinking for health systems strengthening. Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research. World Health Organization.</ref>

	*The University of NC Center for the Business of Health examined optimal strategies for the use of opioid settlement funds. They provide the results of a literature review on five strategies most likely to be used by NC communities — recovery support, Naloxone distribution, post-overdose response, evidence-based addiction treatment, and criminal justice diversion programs. <ref>https://cboh.kenaninstitute.unc.edu/opioid-project/research-opioid/</ref>		*'''The University of NC Center for the Business of Health''' examined optimal strategies for the use of opioid settlement funds. They provide the results of a literature review on five strategies most likely to be used by NC communities — recovery support, Naloxone distribution, post-overdose response, evidence-based addiction treatment, and criminal justice diversion programs. <ref>https://cboh.kenaninstitute.unc.edu/opioid-project/research-opioid/</ref>

	= Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies =		= Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies =

BasilSavitsky: /* Relevant Research */

2025-01-31T22:39:32Z

Relevant Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:39, 31 January 2025
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	**Are key figures who are part of the system willing to participate in a coalition?		**Are key figures who are part of the system willing to participate in a coalition?

	= Relevant Research =		= Relevant Research =

	*Extensive work has been done in systems research in the physical and biological sciences, but less in the social sciences, especially focused on social systems associated with SUD. The classic introduction to the field is provided by Peter Senge who defines systems thinking as “a way to see interrelationships rather than things ... patterns of change rather than static snapshots.” He calls it a ~~sensibility~~ for ~~subtle interconnectedness that is increasingly necessary in a world fraught with complexity. <ref>Senge~~, P. ~~(1990). The fifth discipline. New York: Doubleday.</ref>~~		*'''David Peter Stroh.''' Extensive work has been done in systems research in the physical and biological sciences, but less in the social sciences, especially focused on social systems associated with SUD. In contrast, Stroh has published a book, “Systems Thinking for Social Change: A Practical Guide for Solving Complex Problems, Avoiding Unintended Consequences, and Achieving Lasting Results.” This builds upon years of trainings in systems thinking in which he provided to fellows in the CDC Environmental HealthLeadership Institute. The text offers an introduction to systems thinking, a series of case studies, and tools for facilitating systemic collaboration. <ref>Stroh, D. (2015). Systems thinking for social change. White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing.</ref>

	*A summary of ~~work~~ in ~~changing social~~ systems ~~can be found~~ in the ~~work~~ of ~~David Stroh~~. <ref>Stroh, D. (2015). Systems thinking for social change. White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing.</ref>

	*The World Health Organization promotes systems thinking as a way to mitigate negative behaviors, anticipate positive synergies, and create system-ready policies. <ref>Savigny, D. d., & Taghreed, A. (2009). Systems thinking for health systems strengthening. Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research. World Health Organization.</ref>		*The World Health Organization promotes systems thinking as a way to mitigate negative behaviors, anticipate positive synergies, and create system-ready policies. <ref>Savigny, D. d., & Taghreed, A. (2009). Systems thinking for health systems strengthening. Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research. World Health Organization.</ref>

BasilSavitsky: /* Key Information */

2025-01-31T20:37:41Z

Key Information

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:37, 31 January 2025
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	**If more peer specialists and coaches could be added in the region, who is needed to help make that a reality?		**If more peer specialists and coaches could be added in the region, who is needed to help make that a reality?

	*'''Collaboration with the Criminal Justice System.''' It is generally recognized that, in contrast to long-term incarceration, a person suffering from SUD can be helped to a far greater degree through various diversion and treatment programs which can lead to a life in recovery. ~~Socially and economically, this~~ is tremendously beneficial ~~to society~~.		*'''Collaboration with the Criminal Justice System.''' It is generally recognized that, in contrast to long-term incarceration, a person suffering from SUD can be helped to a far greater degree through various diversion and treatment programs which can lead to a life in recovery. This is tremendously beneficial, both socially and economically.
	**What options are there for those in the criminal justice system in terms of diversion, drug court, treatment while incarcerated, and treatment/support services for those leaving incarceration?		**What options are there for those in the criminal justice system in terms of diversion, drug court, treatment while incarcerated, and treatment/support services for those leaving incarceration?
	**Are there areas that need to be added or improved?		**Are there areas that need to be added or improved?

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:22, 18 March 2025
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	In keeping with the objective of demystifying systems change science, it may be useful to keep in mind the saying, “the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.” This comes from the systems approach, which is really just a way of thinking. It focuses on the big picture and on seeing the relationships between the component parts of the system. In a way it is bifocal vision — seeing both the forest and trees. It invites seeing patterns and underlying structures. Such a vantage point equips us to identify optimal courses of action to create change most effectively. For example, one motivated champion in a coalition may have more community impact than ten people who are members because of their departmental obligations, so finding three more comparable champions helps the coalition to leverage change more effectively than just focusing on growing the size of the coalition.		In keeping with the objective of demystifying systems change science, it may be useful to keep in mind the saying, “the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.” This comes from the systems approach, which is really just a way of thinking. It focuses on the big picture and on seeing the relationships between the component parts of the system. In a way it is bifocal vision — seeing both the forest and trees. It invites seeing patterns and underlying structures. Such a vantage point equips us to identify optimal courses of action to create change most effectively. For example, one motivated champion in a coalition may have more community impact than ten people who are members because of their departmental obligations, so finding three more comparable champions helps the coalition to leverage change more effectively than just focusing on growing the size of the coalition.

	A systems approach also takes a deep view. It focuses on changing the source of conditions, rather than addressing symptoms. For example, in addressing recidivism ~~or the "prison revolving door~~," a systems approach fosters tighter linkage between the judicial systems and numerous community systems. In another example, when county commissioners examine the amount of their annual budgets allocated to foster care, they are doing systems work when they seek root causes and fund programs which target substance use disorder within families. The prevention community has done a good job of promoting the need to balance “downstream” work with an “upstream” and proactive approach. Systems thinking goes further and looks at the groundwater. In many respects, a focus on protective factors creates a context for linking with allies working in related fields, such as substance use prevention, suicide prevention, and the prevention of gun violence or domestic violence (See the SAFE Solution article titled, “Apply a Multi-Sectoral Approach.” <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Multi-Sectoral_Approach</ref>) Likewise, the deep view of a systems approach encounters underlying values and worldviews that shape the landscape of the work we are doing around substance use.		A systems approach also takes a deep view. It focuses on changing the source of conditions, rather than addressing symptoms. For example, in addressing recidivism, a systems approach fosters tighter linkage between the judicial systems and numerous community-based systems. In another example, when county commissioners examine the amount of their annual budgets allocated to foster care, they are doing systems work when they seek root causes and fund programs which target substance use disorder within families. The prevention community has done a good job of promoting the need to balance “downstream” work with an “upstream” and proactive approach. Systems thinking goes further and looks at the groundwater. In many respects, a focus on protective factors creates a context for linking with allies working in related fields, such as substance use prevention, suicide prevention, and the prevention of gun violence or domestic violence (See the SAFE Solution article titled, “Apply a Multi-Sectoral Approach.” <ref>https://www.yoursafesolutions.us/wiki/Apply_a_Multi-Sectoral_Approach</ref>) Likewise, the deep view of a systems approach encounters underlying values and worldviews that shape the landscape of the work we are doing around substance use.

	One by-product of taking a systems-thinking approach is the ability to transcend binary-thinking which limits choices to only black or white. In the treatment world, medicated-assisted treatment (MAT) is an example of "finding the gray." Motivational interviewing is another therapeutic model which focuses on person-centered immediate goals which promote progress on client-centered terms, rather than measuring results only upon the long-term outcomes which a therapist might hold.		One by-product of taking a systems-thinking approach is the ability to transcend binary-thinking which limits choices to only black or white. In the treatment world, medicated-assisted treatment/recovery (MAT/MAR) is an example of "finding the gray." Motivational interviewing is another therapeutic model which focuses on person-centered immediate goals which promote progress on client-centered terms, rather than measuring results only upon the long-term outcomes which a therapist might hold.

	'''Examples of System-Building'''		'''Examples of System-Building'''
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	Community/Campus initiatives are also examples of systems work. Finally, whenever efforts bridge two or more of the five zones of the social-ecological model (individual, family, peer, school, community) they reflect a systems approach.		Community/Campus initiatives are also examples of systems work. Finally, whenever efforts bridge two or more of the five zones of the social-ecological model (individual, family, peer, school, community) they reflect a systems approach.

	While system-building may seem complex at first, it becomes much simpler when we see how much we are already engaged in working across multiple systems. However, simple is not necessarily easy. One area of ~~doing the hard~~ work ~~is in the~~ community-wide ~~norm change associated with~~ stigma ~~reduction~~ (See the SAFE Solution article titled, “Reduce Stigma.”) Another example is work done to address social determinants of health. One cannot work very long in prevention, treatment, or recovery without encountering the “negative synergy” often caused by multiple concurrent barriers in transportation, housing, and employment systems (See the SAFE Solution article titled, “Apply a Health Equity Lens.”) Four more detailed examples are provided below, with specific action pathways:		While system-building may seem complex at first, it becomes much simpler when we see how much we are already engaged in working across multiple systems. However, simple is not necessarily easy. One important area of work involves changing community-wide norms to reduce stigma and promote inclusivity. (See the SAFE Solution article titled, “Reduce Stigma.”) Another example is work done to address social determinants of health. One cannot work very long in prevention, treatment, or recovery without encountering the “negative synergy” often caused by multiple concurrent barriers in transportation, housing, and employment systems (See the SAFE Solution article titled, “Apply a Health Equity Lens.”) Four more detailed examples are provided below, with specific action pathways:

	*'''Harm Reduction.''' Any inroads that are made either in the realm of multiple recovery pathways or in harm reduction are proof of at least some degree of success in navigating through a systems approach. The distribution and training of how to use ~~Naloxone~~ continues to be an effective way to reverse opioid overdose and save lives. Other programs, like needle/syringe exchanges, reduce the risk of infection and prevent the spread of other diseases. ~~Resistance to~~ these programs ~~is reduced~~ when they are ~~paired with providing~~ information about treatment options and other available support in the community.		*'''Harm Reduction.''' Any inroads that are made either in the realm of multiple recovery pathways or in harm reduction are proof of at least some degree of success in navigating through a systems approach. The distribution and training of how to use naloxone continues to be an effective way to reverse opioid overdose and save lives. Other programs, like needle/syringe exchanges, reduce the risk of infection and prevent the spread of other diseases. Support for these programs increased when they are accompanied by information about available treatment options and other available support in the community.
	**What training on ~~Naloxone~~ administration is available in the area?		**What training on naloxone administration is available in the area?
	**How is this service being marketed to ensure organizations across the health system know it is available? What are the most effective ways to expand distribution of ~~Naloxone~~ and add other harm reduction measures?		**How is this service being marketed to ensure organizations across the health system know it is available? What are the most effective ways to expand distribution of naloxone and add other harm reduction measures?
	**Are there ways to improve linkages to care?		**Are there ways to improve linkages to care?
	**What can the coalition do to reach more people, especially in areas with the highest rates of overdose, to expand harm reduction efforts?		**What can the coalition do to reach more people, especially in areas with the highest rates of overdose, to expand harm reduction efforts?

	*'''Recovery Supports.''' Housing, education, childcare, job training, and job placement assistance are just some of the recovery support services needed to help people in early recovery. Without these supports, many people can become frustrated or hopeless - increasing their chances of ~~relapse~~. Communities with strong supports for people newer to recovery have seen positive results.		*'''Recovery Supports.''' Housing, education, childcare, job training, and job placement assistance are just some of the recovery support services needed to help people in early recovery. Without these supports, many people can become frustrated or hopeless - increasing their chances of recurrence. Communities with strong supports for people newer to recovery have seen positive results.
	**What types of recovery support services exist in the region?		**What types of recovery support services exist in the region?
	**Who are the key organizations working on one or more recovery supports?		**Who are the key organizations working on one or more recovery supports?
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	**Who can help expand these efforts as part of the coalition?		**Who can help expand these efforts as part of the coalition?

	*'''Peer Support Networks.''' Peer Support Specialists and Recovery Coaches can play a vital role across numerous systems change initiatives. Working together with police, health services, treatment providers, and recovery support networks, they often provide an initial link to care for someone seeking help after an overdose or just wanting ~~help~~. In many instances, they continue to work with people for longer periods of time - helping them find and get through treatment, as well as to provide support in meeting needs to maintain recovery.		*'''Peer Support Networks.''' Peer Support Specialists and Recovery Coaches can play a vital role across numerous systems change initiatives. Working together with police, health services, treatment providers, and recovery support networks, they often provide an initial link to care for someone seeking help after an overdose or just wanting support. In many instances, they continue to work with people for longer periods of time - helping them find and get through treatment, as well as to provide support in meeting needs to maintain recovery.
	**How are peers being utilized in the area?		**How are peers being utilized in the area?
	**Is there room to expand current efforts and add more peer support through additional training and funding?		**Is there room to expand current efforts and add more peer support through additional training and funding?
	**If more peer specialists and coaches could be added in the region, who is needed to help make that a reality?		**If more peer specialists and coaches could be added in the region, who is needed to help make that a reality?

	*'''Collaboration with the Criminal Justice System.''' It is generally recognized that, ~~in contrast to~~ long-term incarceration, a person ~~suffering from~~ SUD can ~~be helped to a far greater degree through various~~ diversion and treatment programs which can lead to a life in recovery. This is tremendously beneficial, both socially and economically.		*'''Collaboration with the Criminal Justice System.''' It is generally recognized that, rather than relying on long-term incarceration, a person with SUD can benefit more significantly from diversion and treatment programs, which can lead to a life in recovery. This is tremendously beneficial, both socially and economically.
	**What options are there for those in the criminal justice system in terms of diversion, drug court, treatment while incarcerated, and treatment/support services for those leaving incarceration?		**What options are there for those in the criminal justice system in terms of diversion, drug court, treatment while incarcerated, and treatment/support services for those leaving incarceration?
	**Are there areas that need to be added or improved?		**Are there areas that need to be added or improved?